Pololu 5V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U1V11F5

Pololu 5V Step-Up Voltage Regulator U1V11F5

This 5 V boost (step-up) voltage regulator generates higher output voltages from input voltages as low as 0.5 V, and it also automatically switches to a linear down-regulation mode when the input voltage exceeds the output. This makes it great for powering 5 V electronics projects from 1 to 3 NiMH, NiCd, or alkaline cells or from a single lithium-ion cell. Additionally, unlike most boost regulators, this unit offers a true shutdown option that turns off power to the load (with typical boost regulators, the input voltage will pass directly through to the output when they are disabled).

When boosting, this module acts as a switching regulator (also called switched-mode power supplies (SMPS) or DC-to-DC converters) and has a typical efficiency between 70% to 90%. The available output current is a function of the input voltage, output voltage, and efficiency (see Typical Efficiency and Output Current section below), but the input current can typically be as high as 1.2 A.

The regulator’s thermal shutdown engages at around 140°C and helps prevent damage from overheating, but it does not have reverse-voltage protection.

Features

• Input voltage: 0.5 V to 5.5 V
• Fixed 5 V output with 4% accuracy
• True shutdown option that turns off power to the load
• Automatic linear down-regulation when the input voltage is greater than the output voltage
• 1.2 A switch allows for input currents up to 1.2 A
• Good efficiency at light load: <1 mA typical no-load quiescent current, though it can exceed 1 mA for very low input voltages (<100 μA typical quiescent current with SHDN = LOW)
• Integrated over-temperature shutoff
• Small size: 0.45″ × 0.6″; × 0.1″ (12 × 15 × 3 mm)

Specifications:

Minimum operating voltage:	0.5 V
Maximum operating voltage:	5.5 V
Maximum input current:	1.2 A
Output voltage:	5 V
Reverse voltage protection?:	N
Maximum quiescent current:	3 mA

Dimensions:

Size:	0.45″ × 0.6″ × 0.1″
Weight:	0.7 g

Using the Regulator

Connections

The boost regulator has four connections: shutdown (SHDN), input voltage (VIN), ground (GND), and output voltage (VOUT).

The SHDN can be driven low (typically under 0.4 V) to power down the regulator and turn off power to the load (unlike most boost regulators, the input power does not pass through to the output when the board is disabled). This pin is internally pulled up to VIN through an 100 kΩ resistor, so it can be left disconnected or connected directly to VIN if you do not need to use the disable feature. The disable threshold is a function of the input voltage as follows:

• For VIN < 0.8 V, SHDN voltage must be below 0.1×VIN to disable the regulator and above 0.9×VIN to enable it.
• For 0.8 V ≤ VIN ≤ 1.5 V, SHDN voltage must be below 0.2×VIN to disable the regulator and above 0.8×VIN to enable it.
• For VIN > 1.5 V, SHDN voltage must be below 0.4 V to disable the regulator and above 1.2 V to enable it.

The input voltage, VIN, must be at least 0.5 V for the regulator to turn on. However, once the regulator is on, the input voltage can drop as low as 0.3 V and the 5 V output voltage will be maintained on VOUT. Unlike standard boost regulators, this regulator has an additional linear down-regulation mode that allows it to convert input voltages as high as 5.5 V down to 5 V for small to moderate sized loads.When the input voltage exceeds 5 V, the regulator automatically switches to this down-regulation mode. The input voltage should not exceed 5.5 V. Please be wary of destructive LC spikes that might cause the input voltage to surpass 5.5 V.

Typical Efficiency and Output Current

The efficiency of a voltage regulator, defined as (Power out)/(Power in), is an important measure of its performance, especially when battery life or heat are concerns. As shown in the graphs below, this switching regulator typically has an efficiency of 70 to 90%.

The maximum achievable output current is approximately proportional to the ratio of the input voltage to the output voltage. If the input current exceeds the switch current limit (typically somewhere between 1.2 and 1.5 A), the output voltage will begin to drop. Additionally, the maximum output current can depend on other factors, including the ambient temperature, air flow, and heat sinking.

LC Voltage Spikes

When connecting voltage to electronic circuits, the initial rush of current can cause damaging voltage spikes that are much higher than the input voltage. In our tests with typical power leads (~30″ test clips), input voltages above 4.5 V caused voltage spikes that could potentially damage the regulator. You can suppress such spikes by soldering a 33 μF or larger electrolytic capacitor close to the regulator between VIN and GND.

Documents:

• Pololu Step-Up Voltage Regulator U1V11x schematic diagram
  • Printable schematic diagram for the U1V11x family of Pololu step-up voltage regulators: U1V11A, U1V11F3, and U1V11F5.
• Texas Instruments TPS6120x regulator datasheet
• Drill guide for step-up voltage regulator U1V11x
  • This DXF drawing shows the locations of all of the board’s holes.